Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, irreversible condition with poor prognosis
that is characterized by a variable clinical course in each patient, which renders it a complex
disease with unknown causes. Despite the proven efficacy of novel antifibrotic therapies,
including pirfenidone and nintedanib, the diagnosis and follow-up of IPF remain
challenging. Hence, the identification of molecular biomarkers for early detection of IPF and
to predict biologically determined individual clinical courses, has recently piqued the interest …